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Consumer Protection Act

The Parliament of India passed the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 in August 2019 to replace the Consumer Protection Act of 1986. It came into force in July 2020.

The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 is an Act to provide for protection of the interests of consumers and for the said purpose, to establish authorities for timely and effective administration and settlement of consumers’ disputes and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

Chapter I – Preliminary Sections 

  1. Short title, extent, commencement and application
  2. Definitions

Chapter II – Consumer Protection Councils

  1. Central Consumer Protection Council
  2. Procedure for meetings of Central Council
  3. Objects of Central Council
  4. State Consumer Protection Councils
  5. Objects of State Council
  6. District Consumer Protection Council
  7. Objects of District Council

Chapter III – Central Consumer Protection Authority

  1. Establishment of Central Consumer Protection Authority
  2. Qualifications, method of recruitment, etc., of Chief Commissioner and Commissioners
  3. Vacancy, etc., not to invalidate proceedings of Central Authority
  4. Appointment of officers, experts, professionals and other employees of Central Authority
  5. Procedure of Central Authority
  6. Investigation Wing
  7. Power of District Collector
  8. Complaints to Authorities
  9. Powers and functions of Central Authority
  10. Power of Central Authority to refer matter for investigation or to other Regulator
  11. Power of Central Authority to recall goods, etc.
  12. Power of Central Authority to issue directions and penalties against false or misleading advertisements
  13. Search and Seizure
  14. Designation of any statutory authority or body to function as Central Authority
  15. Appeal
  16. Grants by Central Government
  17. Accounts and Audit
  18. Furnishing of annual reports, etc.

Chapter IV – Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission

  1. Establishment of District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
  2. Qualifications, etc., of President and members of District Commission
  3. Salaries, allowances and other terms and conditions of service of President and members of District Commission
  4. Transitional provision
  5. Vacancy in office of member of District Commission
  6. Officers and other employees of District Commission
  7. Jurisdiction of District Commission
  8. Manner in which complaint shall be made
  9. Proceedings before District Commission
  10. Reference to mediation
  11. Procedure on admission of complaint
  12. Findings of District Commission
  13. Review by District Commission in certain cases
  14. Appeal against order of District Commission
  15. Establishment of State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
  16. Qualifications, etc., of President and members of State Commission
  17. Salaries, allowances and other terms and conditions of service of President and members of State Commission
  18. Transitional provision
  19. Officers and employees of State Commission
  20. Jurisdiction of State Commission
  21. Transfer of cases
  22. Procedure applicable to State Commission
  23. Review by State Commission in certain cases
  24. Appeal to National Commission
  25. Hearing of appeal
  26. Establishment of National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
  27. Composition of National Commission
  28. Qualifications, etc., of President and members of National Commission
  29. Transitional provision
  30. Other officers and employees of National Commission
  31. Jurisdiction of National Commission
  32. Procedure applicable to National Commission
  33. Review by National Commission in certain cases
  34. Power to set aside ex parte orders
  35. Transfer of cases
  36. Vacancy in office of President of National Commission
  37. Vacancies or defects in appointment not to invalidate orders
  38. Service of notice, etc.
  39. Experts to assist National Commission or State Commission
  40. Appeal against order of National Commission
  41. Finality of orders
  42. Limitation period
  43. Administrative control
  44. Enforcement of orders of District Commission, State Commission and National Commission
  45. Penalty for non-compliance of order
  46. Appeal against order passed under section 72. 3

Chapter V – Mediation Sections

  1. Establishment of Consumer Mediation Cell
  2. Empanelment of mediators
  3. Nomination of mediators from panel
  4. Duty of mediator to disclose certain facts
  5. Replacement of mediator in certain cases
  6. Procedure for mediation
  7. Settlement through mediation
  8. Recording settlement and passing of order

Chapter VI – Product Liability

  1. Application of Chapter
  2. Product liability action
  3. Liability of product manufacturer
  4. Liability of product service provider
  5. Liability of product sellers
  6. Exceptions to product liability action

Chapter VII – Offences And Penalties

  1. Penalty for non-compliance of direction of Central Authority
  2. Punishment for false or misleading advertisement
  3. Punishment for manufacturing for sale or storing, selling or distributing or importing products containing adulterant
  4. Punishment for manufacturing for sale or for storing or selling or distributing or importing spurious goods
  5. Cognizance of offence by court
  6. Vexatious search

Chapter VIII – Miscellaneous

  1. Measures to prevent unfair trade practices in e-commerce, direct selling, etc
  2. Presidents, members, Chief Commissioner, Commissioner and certain officers to be public servants
  3. Compounding of offences
  4. Manner of crediting penalty
  5. Protection of action taken in good faith
  6. Power to give directions by Central Government
  7. Act not in derogation of any other
  8. Power of Central Government to make rules
  9. Power of State Government to make rules
  10. Power of National Commission to make regulations
  11. Power of Central Authority to make regulations
  12. Rules and regulations to be laid before each House of Parliament
  13. Power to Remove Difficulties
  14.  Repeal and savings